Thus, the data in this metaanalysis provide more clinically relevant comparisons between these agents
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However, another study using rats showed that protein levels of NAMPT, COX1, and PGC-1a were unchanged in skeletal muscles after 4 weeks of treadmill exercise, and NAD + levels or other mitochondrial readouts were not included 308
In addition to the increased expression of macrophages, NAD+ also exerts anti-inflammatory effects during an infectious process